Tujuan
Setting RIPv2
Debug RIPv2
Setting passive-interface RIPv2
Konsep Dasar
Keuntungan menggunakan dynamic routing dibandingkan static routing:
Tidak perlu tahu network destination
Perlu melakukan advertise network yang terhubung langsung
Update perubahan topologi secara dinamis
Pekerjaan network admin jadi berkurang
Digunakan di industri besar
Neighbor router melakukan pertukaran informasi routing dan membangun routing table
secara otomatis
Lebih mudah dibandingkan menggunakan static routing
RIPv2
Open standar protocol (Cisco atau non-Cisco)
Classless routing protocol (support default atau sub-networks)
Mendukung VLSM
Mendukung Autentikasi
Menggunakan multicast address 224.0.0.9
Administrative distance: 120
Metric: hop count (terbaik = yang paling kecil)
Hop ke-16 unreachable
Load balancing 4 equal path
Digunakan untuk organisasi kecil
Update secara periodic dan pertukaran keseleruhan informasi routing tabel setiap 30
second
Dua langkah mudah setting routing protocol dinamis secara umum:
1. Pilih routing protocol
2. Advertise directly connected network (jaringan yang terhubung langsung dengan router)
Router(config)# router rip
Router(config-router)# version 2
Router(config-router)# network <Network ID>
Router(config-router)# no auto-summary
network <Network-ID> : untuk advertise network yang terhubung langsung dengan router
(directly connected network).
Keuntungan RIPv2
Mudah dikonfigurasi
Tidak memerlukan design seperti OSPF
Tidak kompleks
Less overhead
Kerugian RIPv2
Utilisasi bandwidth sangat tinggi karena diperlukan untuk broadcast setiap 30 second
(RIPv1)
Terbatas pada jumlah hop (bukan bandwidth)
Tidak scalable, hop count hanya 15
Konvergensi rendah
Waktu konvergensi: waktu yang dibutuhkan oleh router untuk menggunakan route alternative
ketika best route down.
Konfigurasi
Login console ke R1 atau R2 untuk mempraktikkan Lab 6-RIPv2.
Tampilkan routing table sebelum disetting RIPv2 di R1
R1#sh ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 12.12.12.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets
C 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback1
C 172.16.2.0 is directly connected, Loopback2
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
R1#
Tampilkan routing table sebelum disetting RIPv2 di R2
R2#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 12.12.12.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets
C 172.16.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
C 172.16.4.0 is directly connected, Loopback1
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
R2#
Setting RIPv2 di R1
Command untuk mensetting RIPv2.
R1(config)#router rip
R1(config-router)#version 2
R1(config-router)#network 12.12.12.0
R1(config-router)#network 172.16.1.0
R1(config-router)#network 172.16.2.0
R1(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0
R1(config-router)#no auto-summary
R1(config-router)#
Setting RIPv2 di R2
Command untuk mensetting RIPv2.
R2(config)#router rip
R2(config-router)#version 2
R2(config-router)#network 12.12.12.0
R2(config-router)#network 172.16.3.0
R2(config-router)#network 172.16.4.0
R2(config-router)#network 192.168.2.0
R2(config-router)#no auto-summary
R2(config-router)#
Verifikasi
Tampilkan routing table setelah disetting RIPv2 di R1
R1#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 12.12.12.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0
172.16.0.0/16 is variably subnetted, 5 subnets, 2 masks
R 172.16.0.0/16 [120/1] via 12.12.12.2, 00:00:55, FastEthernet1/0
C 172.16.1.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback1
C 172.16.2.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback2
R 172.16.3.0/24 [120/1] via 12.12.12.2, 00:00:02, FastEthernet1/0
R 172.16.4.0/24 [120/1] via 12.12.12.2, 00:00:02, FastEthernet1/0
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
R 192.168.2.0/24 [120/1] via 12.12.12.2, 00:00:02, FastEthernet1/0
R1#
Note: ulangi langkah yang sama diatas untuk menampilkan routing table di R2
Tes Ping dari Laptop1 ke Laptop2
Laptop1>ping 192.168.2.1
Pinging 192.168.2.1 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=126
Reply from 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=126
Reply from 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=126
Reply from 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=126
Ping statistics for 192.168.2.1:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 1ms, Average = 0ms
Ping dari Laptop1 ke Laptop2 berhasil.
Traceroute dari Laptop1 ke Laptop2
Laptop1>tracert 192.168.2.1
Tracing route to 192.168.2.1 over a maximum of 30 hops:
1 1 ms 0 ms 0 ms 192.168.1.254
2 0 ms 0 ms 0 ms 12.12.12.2
3 0 ms 0 ms 0 ms 192.168.2.1
Trace complete.
Untuk menuju Laptop2 dari Laptop1 membutuhkan 3 hop.
Tes Ping dari Laptop2 ke Laptop1
Laptop2>ping 192.168.1.1
Pinging 192.168.1.1 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=126
Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=126
Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 time=11ms TTL=126
Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=126
Ping statistics for 192.168.1.1:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 11ms, Average = 3ms
Ping dari Laptop2 ke Laptop1 berhasil.
Traceroute dari Laptop2 ke Laptop1
Laptop2>tracert 192.168.1.1
Tracing route to 192.168.1.1 over a maximum of 30 hops:
1 1 ms 0 ms 0 ms 192.168.2.254
2 0 ms 0 ms 0 ms 12.12.12.1
3 1 ms 11 ms 11 ms 192.168.1.1
Trace complete.
Tampilkan informasi routing protocol yang digunakan di R1
R1#show ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "rip"
Sending updates every 30 seconds, next due in 12 seconds
Invalid after 180 seconds, hold down 180, flushed after 240
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Redistributing: rip
Default version control: send version 2, receive 2
Interface Send Recv Triggered RIP Key-chain
FastEthernet1/0 2 2
Loopback1 2 2
Loopback2 2 2
FastEthernet0/0 2 2
Automatic network summarization is not in effect
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
12.0.0.0
172.16.0.0
192.168.1.0
Passive Interface(s):
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
12.12.12.2 120 00:00:15
Distance: (default is 120)
Note: ulangi langkah yang sama diatas untuk menampilkan routing information di R2
Berdasarkan output routing information di R1, kita bisa lihat bahwa R1 menggunakan RIP version 2
untuk network 12.0.0.0, 172.16.0.0, dan 192.168.1.0. RIP memiliki Administrative Distance (AD)
120. Terdapat 4 interface yang mengaktifkan RIP yaitu Fa1/0, Fa0/0, Lo1, Lo2.
Debug RIP di R1
Dengan mengaktifkan fitur debug, kita bisa tahu apakah RIP sudah berjalan atau belum.
R1#debug ip rip
RIP protocol debugging is on
R1#
RIP: received v2 update from 12.12.12.2 on FastEthernet1/0
172.16.3.0/24 via 0.0.0.0 in 1 hops
172.16.4.0/24 via 0.0.0.0 in 1 hops
192.168.2.0/24 via 0.0.0.0 in 1 hops
RIP: sending v2 update to 224.0.0.9 via FastEthernet1/0 (12.12.12.1)
RIP: build update entries
172.16.1.0/24 via 0.0.0.0, metric 1, tag 0
172.16.2.0/24 via 0.0.0.0, metric 1, tag 0
192.168.1.0/24 via 0.0.0.0, metric 1, tag 0
RIP: sending v2 update to 224.0.0.9 via Loopback1 (172.16.1.1)
RIP: build update entries
12.12.12.0/24 via 0.0.0.0, metric 1, tag 0
172.16.2.0/24 via 0.0.0.0, metric 1, tag 0
172.16.3.0/24 via 0.0.0.0, metric 2, tag 0
172.16.4.0/24 via 0.0.0.0, metric 2, tag 0
192.168.1.0/24 via 0.0.0.0, metric 1, tag 0
192.168.2.0/24 via 0.0.0.0, metric 2, tag 0
RIP: sending v2 update to 224.0.0.9 via Loopback2 (172.16.2.2)
RIP: build update entries
12.12.12.0/24 via 0.0.0.0, metric 1, tag 0
172.16.1.0/24 via 0.0.0.0, metric 1, tag 0
172.16.3.0/24 via 0.0.0.0, metric 2, tag 0
172.16.4.0/24 via 0.0.0.0, metric 2, tag 0
192.168.1.0/24 via 0.0.0.0, metric 1, tag 0
192.168.2.0/24 via 0.0.0.0, metric 2, tag 0
RIP: sending v2 update to 224.0.0.9 via FastEthernet0/0 (192.168.1.254)
RIP: build update entries
12.12.12.0/24 via 0.0.0.0, metric 1, tag 0
172.16.1.0/24 via 0.0.0.0, metric 1, tag 0
172.16.2.0/24 via 0.0.0.0, metric 1, tag 0
172.16.3.0/24 via 0.0.0.0, metric 2, tag 0
172.16.4.0/24 via 0.0.0.0, metric 2, tag 0
192.168.2.0/24 via 0.0.0.0, metric 2, tag 0
Dari output debug RIP, kita bisa lihat bahwa RIP sudah running di router R1. Untuk menghentikan
output debug, gunakan command undebug ip rip atau undebug all.
Note: ulangi langkah yang sama diatas untuk menampilkan output debug RIP di R2
Setting passive-interface di R1
Untuk menghentikan routing updates yang dikirimkan ke Network A, maka aktifkan command
passive-interface di interface fa0/0 R1 yang menuju Network A. Hal ini tidak mempengaruhi
advertise Network A. Jadi, Network A masih tetap dikenali oleh R2 dan masih tampil di routing table
R2. Di routing protocol RIPv2, mengaktifkan passive-interface mencegah multicast update
melalui interface spesifik dan masih bisa mendapatkan update dari RIP neighbor yang lain.
R1(config)#router rip
R1(config-router)#passive-interface fa0/0
R1(config-router)#
Tampilkan routing information di R1
R1#show ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "rip"
Sending updates every 30 seconds, next due in 3 seconds
Invalid after 180 seconds, hold down 180, flushed after 240
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Redistributing: rip
Default version control: send version 2, receive 2
Interface Send Recv Triggered RIP Key-chain
FastEthernet1/0 2 2
Loopback1 2 2
Loopback2 2 2
Automatic network summarization is not in effect
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
12.0.0.0
172.16.0.0
192.168.1.0
Passive Interface(s):
FastEthernet0/0
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
12.12.12.2 120 00:00:08
Distance: (default is 120)
R1#
Passive-interface fa0/0 R1 sudah berhasil kita setting.
Note: ulangi langkah yang sama diatas untuk setting passive-interface di R2
Semoga Bermanfaat :-)
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